Centralized Ventilation

Many office buildings around the world are provided with heating, air conditioning and ventilation systems. Heating and air conditioning are fairly straightforward processes while ventilation is a more complex operation used to develop the quality of air inside the building. Ventilation includes circulation of the air inside the building as well as intake of outside air. Ventilation includes taking in outdoor air, mixing it with the indoor air, circulating this air through the building and releasing a portion of the inside air. If this process fails then there is a deterioration of the quality of the air e.g. excessive production of carbon dioxide, odors etc. This may cause the users to experience dizziness, drowsiness, headaches, and hence work at lower efficiency levels.

Ventilation systems are classified into different types depending upon the type of distribution:

* Centralized: A single unit supplies and extracts air from the whole structure

* Decentralized: Each section of the building has own separate unit

* Combined: Both centralized as well as decentralized systems are used

In case of centralized ventilation as said above a single unit is used to provide the air from the outside as well as extract the air from the inside. Hence for such purpose a fan with very large power ha to be used to make sure that the air travels a long distance. A mechanical room is provided for the maintenance work to be carried out. This type of ventilation can be carried out only in buildings having large duct spaces for the system to be installed. As the effects are provided all over the structure separate temperature as per the requirements cannot be obtained. Relatively less maintenance is required as the maintenance room is easily accessible. The absence of several vents and ducts makes the maintenance process easier.

In this type of ventilation preferences cannot be given to any particular areas. Hence if the structure is used by several different offices, the division of operating costs is difficult. No changes have to be made to the architectural design as there are no extra vents and exhausts. Full energy utilization is there even for very few users. Any problem in the machinery affects the whole building. The size of the equipments causes a large amount of noise and vibrations.

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